From Tradition to Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Review of Eclipta Alba and Its Bioactive Potential

Eclipta alba, commonly known as bhringraj or false daisy, is a small herbaceous plant with a rich history in traditional medicine across tropical and subtropical regions, including India, Brazil, Thailand, and China. This comprehensive review highlights its botanical characteristics, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities. E. alba contains coumestan derivatives like Wedololactone and Apigenin, contributing to its anticancer, analgesic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. Traditionally used in Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, and Traditional Chinese medicine, it treats liver disorders, skin infections, respiratory ailments, and promotes hair growth. The review emphasizes recent advancements in phytochemical research and regulatory efforts, reaffirming E. alba's therapeutic potential and encouraging further exploration.