Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review of Gastrointestinal Polyposis Syndrome

Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome (CCS) was a rare, non-hereditary disorder marked by gastrointestinal polyps and a dermatologic triad of alopecia, skin hyperpigmentation, and onychodystrophy. The case report focused on an 81-year-old female with symptoms like diarrhea and weight loss, diagnosed through endoscopic and histological methods. The etiology was unclear but suggested an autoimmune link. Treatment often involved nutritional support and corticosteroids, though optimal management was uncertain due to the syndrome's rarity. The 5-year mortality rate was 55%, with risks of gastrointestinal bleeding and malabsorption. The document also reviewed other polyposis syndromes, highlighting their cancer risks, such as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis, each with distinct cancer associations.