Análise dos níveis de metilação e de polimorfismos genéticos dos genes GSTP1, MGMT, VDR e AR em pacientes com câncer de próstata

This study investigated genetic and epigenetic markers for prostate cancer using DNA samples from 223 patients with prostate cancer and 223 controls. The genotypic analysis revealed no individual association between prostate cancer and the studied polymorphisms in the genes GSTP1, MGMT, VDR, and AR. However, the combination of genotypes GG (GSTP1) and GA (VDR) increased prostate cancer risk (OR=2.34). Conversely, the AG genotype of GSTP1 showed a protective effect against seminal vesicle involvement and, when combined with the AR (G) gene, offered protection against prostate cancer (OR=0.61). DNA methylation analysis of 76 patients showed low methylation levels in the MGMT gene but high levels in the GSTP1 gene in tumor tissue, correlating with disease aggressiveness. The study suggests that genotype combinations may influence prostate cancer risk or protection, and GSTP1 promoter methylation is a promising prognostic and diagnostic marker linked to tumor aggressiveness.