3D-Printed Porous Functional Composite Scaffolds with Polydopamine Decoration for Bone Regeneration

The study investigates the development and effectiveness of 3D-printed porous composite scaffolds enhanced with polydopamine (PDA) for bone regeneration. These scaffolds, made from a combination of polylactide and caprolactone (PLCL) and bioactive glass (BG), mimic the natural bone structure and are designed to improve osteogenesis and angiogenesis. The PLCL/BG2/PDA scaffolds demonstrated superior mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation. In vitro and in vivo experiments, including a rat cranium defect model, confirmed significant promotion of bone integration and regeneration. The study concludes that the PDA decoration and sustained release of bioactive ions from BG enhance the scaffold's bioactivity, making it a promising solution for repairing large bone defects.