Development of 3D Printed Artificial Organ Technology (Bioprinting) in Bioethical and Islamic Legal Perspectives

Bioprinting 3D is a transformative technology in tissue engineering and organ prototyping for regenerative medicine, raising bioethical and legal considerations. This study, using a systematic literature review, explores the development and application of 3D bioprinting from bioethical and Islamic legal perspectives. The technology has diverse medical applications, such as disease modeling, drug testing, regenerative treatments, and organoid formation. However, bioethical challenges persist, particularly regarding the source of materials, with embryonic stem cell use being controversial due to moral concerns about human embryo destruction. From an Islamic perspective, based on the Quran, hadith, and fatwas, 3D organ printing is permissible as it aims to heal and save lives, aligning with the purpose of organ transplantation.