1446 RNase L acts as a regeneration suppressor

The study identifies RNase L as a significant suppressor of regeneration in mammals, with its inhibition leading to enhanced regenerative capacity, particularly in skin and other organs like the colon. Through transcriptome screening in humans and mice, researchers found that Rnasel-/- mice showed increased Wound Induced Hair Neogenesis (WIHN) and elevated IL-36α levels. The study also demonstrated that inhibiting caspases pharmacologically promotes regeneration in an IL-36-dependent manner by preventing RNase L activated caspase-1 from inhibiting the pro-regenerative dsRNA-TLR3 pathway. This suggests that RNase L acts as a regeneration repressor, balancing immune response during viral infections at the expense of regeneration.