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Copper and iron cause keratin damage in hair by converting methionine to homocysteine.

Two women with very high androgen levels had only slight skin issues, one due to a non-classical adrenal disorder and the other due to an adrenal tumor.

Glucocorticoids are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that must be used carefully to avoid serious side effects.

Minoxidil, a common alopecia medication, might cause eye changes due to its properties and lack of tissue selectivity.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Covers common skin issues in kids, their diagnosis, treatment, and need for specialist care.

PSA can help diagnose high androgen levels in women.

The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.

Silver nanoparticles coated with substances like PEG showed strong antibacterial effects and improved wound healing when used in hydrogels.

Folliculitis decalvans is a rare scalp condition causing scarring hair loss, treated with long-term antibiotics and other medications, but it often comes back and is hard to manage.

Allergic reactions to blood thinners are rare but can be serious, requiring careful management and alternative treatments.

The document concludes that PCOS has a strong genetic component, but more research is needed to fully understand the specific genes involved.

The study found that urine metabolites M1b or M4 are the best indicators of ATD use in horses, with detection possible up to 77 hours in urine and 28 hours in blood.

Eating less can improve stem cell function and increase lifespan.

Oxidative stress worsens PCOS by damaging cells and disrupting metabolism, suggesting antioxidant treatments might help.

Spinach-derived thylakoid supplements plus a low-calorie diet helped obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome lose weight and improve their metabolism.

Increasing sleep by 41 minutes daily for a month showed no significant changes in metabolism or hormone levels in healthy women.

Women with female pattern hair loss have higher levels of certain androgens, suggesting increased androgen exposure to hair follicles.

Changes in gut bacteria can contribute to the development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), affecting metabolism, immunity, and causing inflammation. Treatments may involve adjusting these factors.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

FGF signaling is a promising target for developing treatments for wounds, metabolic diseases, and cancer.

Hair loss in androgenetic alopecia is caused by genetic factors and androgen excess, and can be treated with combined therapies.

Finasteride effectively treats male pattern baldness, improving hair growth and density.

Microneedle technology is beneficial for drug delivery and could make vaccinations cheaper and more accessible.

Valproic acid treatment increases a specific acid in urine by blocking an enzyme, possibly causing skin rash and hair loss.

Women with AGA have more androstenedione and dihydrotestosterone, less copper and zinc; copper imbalance affects AGA; treatment improves hormones and minerals.

KF19418 promotes hair growth similarly to minoxidil but is not better in live mice.

Zinc helps reduce the severity of depression.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.