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Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

The document concludes that freeze-dried platelet-rich plasma shows promise for medical use but requires standardization and further research.

Immune cells help regulate hair growth, and better understanding this can improve hair loss treatments.

Behavior therapy and medications, especially clomipramine, can help reduce hair pulling in people with trichotillomania.

17α-estradiol is a safe estrogen that might protect the brain and doesn't cause feminization, needing more research for treating brain diseases.

An 81-year-old man's white hair began to regain its original color while he was treated with lenalidomide, suggesting that graying hair might be reversible.

Cyclodextrins improve finasteride's solubility and bioavailability for hair loss treatment.

Anabolic steroid users may face higher risk of severe COVID-19.

Researchers developed a reliable method to measure testosterone and epitestosterone in urine for medical and anti-doping use.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Systemic retinoids are effective for psoriasis but have side effects; benefits may outweigh risks, especially when reducing cancer risks from other treatments.

PRP shows promise for improving facial wrinkles, skin elasticity, and hair growth, but more research is needed to standardize its use and understand its effects.

Hair growth is influenced by factors like genetics and nutrition, and more research is needed to understand hair loss and growth mechanisms.

Oriental herbal medicine with moxibustion may improve pregnancy rates and other symptoms in PCOS, but more high-quality research is needed.

Non-immune factors play a significant role in alopecia areata.

Isotretinoin improves severe acne without changing androgen or insulin levels but may increase body weight and triglycerides.

In Japan, sex reassignment surgery for gender identity disorder faces challenges and needs better medical support and education.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

Follicular Unit Transplantation is an effective and safe treatment for hair loss due to scarring.

Post-finasteride patients show changes in gut bacteria, possibly causing various symptoms.

Testosterone replacement therapy should be used for men with low testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism, after careful diagnosis and considering individual needs.

The new FDA labeling rules provide more detailed drug safety information for pregnant and breastfeeding women, but more data is needed on the risks of many dermatologic drugs.

CAH is a genetic disorder affecting cortisol production and causing hormonal imbalances, with treatment and diagnosis varying by form and symptoms.

A woman died from cancer that spread from a long-standing cyst on her abdomen.

Low-Level Laser Therapy may help with flap survival and burn scar healing, but not with venous ulcers or hair loss, and more research is needed.

Tissue expansion is an effective treatment for certain types of hair loss, providing immediate coverage with hair-bearing skin.

Post-finasteride syndrome causes sexual, physical, and psychological symptoms, but more research is needed to understand its causes and connection to finasteride.

Stromal Vascular Fraction might help with male sexual dysfunction, but more research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness.

Quercetin significantly helps hair growth by activating hair follicles and improving blood vessel formation around them.

New hair can grow from large wounds in mice, but less so as they age, involving reprogramming of skin cells and specific molecular pathways.