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5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual desire, sometimes lasting after stopping the drug.

PCOS in teens is hard to diagnose, linked to genetics and lifestyle, and managed with weight loss and medication.

Alopecia areata can cause unpredictable hair loss, and treatments like corticosteroids and minoxidil may help but have varying side effects.

Women with PCOS who have low SHBG are more likely to have low good cholesterol and metabolic syndrome.

Topical drugs and near-infrared light therapy show potential for treating alopecia.

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.

Many young women who donate blood have hormonal disorders like excess male hormones and PCOS.

Finasteride reduces hairiness and androgen levels in women with unexplained excessive hair growth.

Advanced human skin models improve drug development and could replace animal testing.

Nanocapsules can improve clobetasol delivery to hair follicles, reducing side effects.

The FOXN1 gene is crucial for developing immune cells and preventing immune disorders.

Blocking the enzyme 11β-HSD1 might help treat obesity and metabolic issues.

Understanding how fetal wounds heal could help improve healing in adults.

Men with coeliac disease may have hormone imbalances that could affect sexual function, but these can improve with better gut health.

Hormonal treatment in transgender women reduces semen quality, but stopping treatment may improve it.

The conclusion is that Fgf18 and Tgf-ß signaling could be targeted for hair loss treatments.

Abnormal Hedgehog signaling in blood cancers may help tumors grow and resist chemotherapy, suggesting potential for targeted treatments.

Shrinking skin cancer increases the chance of cancer in nearby lymph nodes.

Tissue-resident memory T cells can protect against infections and cancer but may also contribute to autoimmune diseases.

The document concludes that alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease without a definitive cure, but treatments like corticosteroids are commonly used.

Msx2 and Foxn1 are both crucial for hair growth and health.

Skin problems are very common in people with end-stage kidney disease.

Baricitinib is effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata.

The document concludes that there are no effective clinical treatments for hearing loss due to hair cell damage, but research is ongoing.

The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.

Androgens can both promote and prevent hair growth due to differences in gene expression in hair follicles.

PRP injections may be a safe, effective alternative for hair loss treatment compared to minoxidil and finasteride.

Certain bacteria and fungi are linked to healthy scalps and dandruff, suggesting that the scalp's microbial balance affects its health.

Skin problems can be caused or worsened by physical forces and pressure on the skin.