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Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome (PAES) is a rare but possible cause of leg pain during walking, even in untrained women.

Psychological factors play a significant role in developing alopecia areata.

Penicillamine can cause taste problems due to copper loss, which can be fixed with copper or zinc supplements.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

The document concludes that understanding how the skin's immune system and inflammation work is complex and requires more research to improve treatments for skin diseases.

Herbal remedies can cause adverse effects and need more safety research.

Epithelial stem cells are crucial for tissue renewal and repair, and understanding them could improve treatments for damage and cancer.

Proteasome inhibitors are promising treatments for various cancers, autoimmune diseases, and other conditions.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

Myo-inositol supplements may improve insulin sensitivity and help with conditions like PCOS and gestational diabetes, but more research is needed.

Childhood obesity is rising globally due to various factors, and early prevention and healthy lifestyle changes are crucial.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Stem cell niches are crucial for regulating stem cell behavior and tissue health, and their decline can impact aging and cancer.

Lgr5 is a marker for active, self-renewing stem cells in the intestine and skin, important for tissue maintenance.

Increasing mir-302 turns human hair cells into stem cells by changing gene regulation and demethylation.

Polysaccharides have many health benefits and are used in drugs, but isolating and purifying them is complex and requires careful methods.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss, influenced by genetics, stress, and diet, and may be prevented by a high soy oil diet.

Some drugs can cause rare but potentially deadly skin reactions, and early treatment and avoiding the drug again are key.

Vitamin D receptor interacts with certain dietary components to help prevent diseases and regulate hair growth.

Stem cell offspring help control their parent stem cells, affecting tissue health, healing, and cancer.

Wnt1/βcatenin signaling is crucial for heart repair after injury.

Melatonin may help with sleep issues, depression, and cancer, but more research is needed.

Stem cells help heal skin wounds by moving and changing roles, working with other cells, and needing more research on their activation and behavior.

Iron deficiency may be related to hair loss, but there's not enough evidence to recommend iron screening or supplements for all hair loss patients.

Stress stops hair growth in mice by causing early hair growth phase end and harmful inflammation through a specific nerve-related pathway.

The hedgehog signaling pathway is crucial for hair growth but not for the initial creation of hair follicles.

Hair follicle stem cells use specific chromatin changes to control their growth and differentiation.

Opioid painkillers can cause many side effects, including breathing problems and addiction, but are generally considered safe when used properly.